The statements did suggest that the original order to issue Williams a beating may have emanated from, or been approved by, a higher authority in the gang; however, A and B agree that the order to beat Williams came to them directly from Hankton. An extension was applied for and granted on July 20, 2000, and allowed continued surveillance through August 18, 2000. Thus, since 2D1.1 and 3B1.1 address different conduct and because the trial judge did not rely on Hankton's leadership role in the MCs to enhance his sentence pursuant to 2D1.1, there was no improper double counting and Hankton's claim fails in this regard. Hankton and Davis were also charged with the knowing and intentional use of a communication facility (i.e., a telephone) in the commission of a felony (distribution of a controlled substance), and four separate counts of knowing and intentional distribution of cocaine base, in violation of 21 U.S.C. For example, Agent Darin testified that as the king, Hankton was in charge of all the activities undertaken by the MCs on the north-side of the city, including the distribution of illegal narcotics. As Olden explained, Hankton would supply him with crack-essentially on credit-and then collect the proceeds from the sale of the crack from him at a later time. In the last two decades, authorities said, they have confiscated typewritten gang bylaws and constitutions, rules for drug dealing, charts of gang hierarchy and a how-to guide for drive-by shootings. We simply cannot be sure. As such, the defendant must have exercised some degree of control over others involved in the commission of the offense or he must have been responsible for organizing others for the purpose of carrying out the crime. Id. Although the plea agreements of the co-defendants may have constituted hearsay, see fed. 7-8, when stating that Hankton exercised authority over persons, certainly well more than five or ten. However, Hankton claims that rather than directing its remarks to Mr. Hankton's conduct as it related to the actual offence, i.e., drug distribution, the court dwelled on Mr. Hankton's gang activities. This statement is nothing more than a self-serving red herring. Olden also explained that in 1997, Hankton held the position of Don of Dons of the Cabrini Green projects on the north side of the city of Chicago, a position granting Hankton authority over other gang members. Hankton next claims that it was clear error for the district court to determine that he was an organizer or leader of a criminal activity pursuant to 3B1.1(a) of the Guidelines. 2. "If anyone break these laws or house rules more than three time, the penalty will increase," rule No. 2 "Prentis Smith testified that he was a former member of the Mickey Cobra street gang. They are members of the People Nation in Illinois prisons. However, a case was made, which was more than strong enough to convince the jury, that Vega used terms like chickens, roosters and it as code words for drugs. The memo notes that interrogations are inevitable because "not all business can be taken care of in a smooth way" and reminds gang members that police legally must inform them of their right to remain silent or have an attorney present before interviewing them. 3. Violations of the instructions in the memo "most certainly will not be tolerated," the chairman and his board write in the memo. Hankton has failed to point to anything in the record which might render Agent Darin's testimony at sentencing unreliable, aside from his assertion that portions of his Darin's testimony constituted inadmissibly hearsay. "It's a fallacy that they put on paper that you have to be 16 on the line. Imo..I think Maniac Cobras don't mess with other Mickey Cobra sets near them and I guess they don't go under the 5 (.. or they don't have structure and plus they only have love for their OWN set than any other sets.. like 051 for example. The area around the buildings, at 5326 S. State St., 5322 S. State St. and 5323 S. Federal St., is known as "The Hole. The trial judge concluded that Davis' base offense level was 32 along with five criminal history points, meaning that the appropriate sentencing range to be applied was 210 to 262 months. Improper and impermissible double counting only occurs when a district court imposes two or more upward adjustments within the guideline range, when both are premised on the same conduct. U.S. v. Haines, 32 F.3d 290, 293 (7th Cir.1994) (emphasis in original). The LA Eme is a Hispanic Organized crime. Rule No. To corroborate Detective Charles' testimony, the government introduced sworn statements from two sub rosa government witnesses, identified in the record only as A and B.12 In their statements both witnesses identify Hankton as the don or leader of the MCs at Cabrini-Green. Robert Guthrie, a former gang-crimes investigator who now oversees the department's public housing unit. Both men also contend that the district court erroneously enhanced their sentences based on insufficient and unreliable evidence. On the record before us, we cannot ascertain with any exacting degree of certainty whether the sentencing judge would have imposed identical sentences for Hankton and Davis had he known that the sentencing guidelines were not mandatory at the time. A seller must turn over the proceeds from one pack before he can get another to sell, the rules state. Notes [ edit] Staff writer George Papajohn contributed to this article. In addition, both defendants and the government agreed to reserve their respective right[s] to argue their [respective] position[s] during post-conviction proceedings concerning certain factual issues relating to the sentencing aspect of the proceedings. metric-conversions.org/. Instead, all of the evidence presented-as well as commonsense-suggest that, in fact, Hankton's gang activities were intimately, related to and intertwined with, his drug distribution activities. Fraction began selling crack cocaine in Chicago at age 14 for the Gangster Disciples gang. Darin testified as to a series of taped wiretap colloquies between Hankton and Davis about the proper way to cook or convert powder cocaine to crack cocaine.24 For example, during one of the taped consultations Davis acknowledges that he successfully cooked at least one ounce of cocaine that day and was fittin' [sic] to do more. In the same conversation Davis states that earlier in the day he had procured an additional dry nine or nine ounces of powder cocaine in hopes of perfecting his crack producing skills. As Charles explained, Hankton held the position of don or foreman of the MCs at the Cabrini-Green housing project where Williams lived, and had the authority to order a violation of this kind. See id. The five-point star banner's collective name for joined gangs. Also, the reliability of the plea agreements-as well as Agent Darin's testimony for that matter-was bolstered by the fact that, at sentencing, Hankton took advantage of a reasonable opportunity to rebut the hearsay evidence used against him. United States v. Barnes, 117 F.3d 328, 338 (7th Cir.1997) (quoting United States v. Francis, 39 F.3d 803, 810 (7th Cir.1994)). of crack cocaine every four days over a period of five months). a. According to Olden's testimony, which was unrebutted at sentencing, it was reasonable for the district court to conclude that Hankton personally distributed between 134 and 1071 grams of crack cocaine, to Olden alone, in the space of just these five months.26 See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859; see also United States v. Durham, 211 F.3d 437, 444 (7th Cir.2000) (stating that estimates of drug quantity are acceptable if they are based on evidence possessing a sufficient indicia of reliability and not nebulous eyeballing). "It's just like any other corporation," said Donald Hilbring, commander of the Chicago police gang unit. In fact, 2D1.1 and 3B1.1(a) are premised on entirely different conduct; for while an individual may be found to have distributed a certain quantity of drugs making him eligible for a sentence enhancement under 2D1.1, he need not be a leader or organizer of a criminal activity, as described by 3B1.1, to do so. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. However, even if the judge had taken into account Hankton's leadership role when determining the quantity of drugs attributing attributable to him, this would not have been improper because, as explained above, although there may have been some overlap in the factual predicate for both enhancements, each enhancement addressed distinct aspects of the defendant's conduct. Schmeilski, 408 F.3d at 919. See, e.g., United States v. Von Loh, 417 F.3d 710, 712 (7th Cir.2005). The gang has distributed narcotics since the late 1960s . (CHICAGO) - JUN 21--Drug Enforcement Administration agents and Chicago Police Department officers arrested 29 alleged members of the Mickey Cobras Street Gang who are suspected of trafficking fentanyl-laced heroin, crack cocaine, and marijuana in parts of Chicago's Southside. . He joined in 1978 when he was eight years old and left the gang in 1996. We do however order a Limited Remand of both Hankton and Davis' sentences in accordance with the procedure set forth in United States v. Paladino. Nonetheless, as Agent Darin's testimony and the phone conversations established, Hankton dealt primarily in crack and the large wholesale purchases were made with the intent of converting the powder cocaine into crack. 21. Nonetheless, testimony from Chicago Police Detective Charles, as well as Agent Darin and Jammah Olden illustrated the power over the drug trade and gang activities that the title afforded Hankton. 17. As a result of information provided by Gatlin, Arthur Hurd 841(a)(1). As this court has stated numerous times [t]he law is very clear that a sentencing judge may appropriately conduct an inquiry broad in scope, largely unlimited either as to the kind of information he may consider, or the source from which it may come. A corollary to this general principle is the rule that a sentencing judge may consider relevant information without regard to the rules of evidence provided that the information has [a] sufficient indicia of reliability to support its probable accuracy. United States v. Lemmons, 230 F.3d 263, 267 (7th Cir.2000) (quoting U.S.S.G. Davis also argues that the sentencing court erred by admitting unreliable hearsay evidence when determining that he possessed with intent to distribute 50 to 150 grams of cocaine under U.S.S.G. 2D1.1. See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859 (stating that [e]ach member of a conspiracy is accountable for the amount of drugs with which he was directly involved, and for amounts involved in transactions that were reasonably foreseeable.). The list is a detailed explanation of how to act as "security" for drug sales and how to sell "packs" of crack in three buildings of the Robert Taylor Homes that are controlled by the gang. In addition, Hankton also claims that the district court erroneously double counted by relying on his leadership role in the offense to enhance his sentence under 3B1.1 and 2D1.1. See U.S.S.G. on Febuary 25, 1977 Mickey Cogwell was killed, The Gunmen were never found. As explained infra, the rules of evidence do not apply at sentencing, thus the judge's decision to consider the code language testimony given by Agent Darin was squarely within his discretion. The record reflects that Davis, during intercepted phone conversations, repeatedly referred to people on the street selling drugs as his workers. See supra p. 13. On appeal, both men challenge the district court's application of the guidelines to their sentences and claim that they are entitled to be re-sentenced in accordance with the Supreme Court's decision in United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 125 S.Ct. A.Validity of Davis and Hankton's Sentencing Enhancements. 8,000 to 10,000 that lives in the United States of America. In addition, Hankton was charged with four separate counts of distribution of cocaine base, in violation of 21 U.S.C. A fact-finder must always draw inferences from veiled allusions and code words. The memo begins by reminding "all brothers of the struggle" about the story of the duck: "If any of you have ever had the opportunity to go on a hunting trip (in the free world) before being locked up, then you know full well that if the duck had kept his mouth shut, instead of quacking, he wouldn't have given his position away and, naturally, wouldn't have been our dinner.". 841(a)(1). Specifically, Hankton and Davis claim that the district court erroneously calculated the quantity of drugs attributable to them and that evidence (e.g., wiretap evidence) concerning their respective leadership roles in the drug offenses was inadmissible and unreliable and should not have been considered by the sentencing judge. In October 1999, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) began investigating the MCs, utilizing confidential informants,4 FBI surveillance and pen registers to gain information on the organization.5 Information gathered in the initial operational phase of the investigation allowed law enforcement officers to gain a preliminary understanding of the gang's structure. Following the arrests, on July 3, 2001, Hankton and Davis, along with six9 other individuals, were indicted inter alia on drug conspiracy and drug possession charges.10 As discussed infra, Hankton and Davis entered into separate plea agreements with the government and each of them admitted facts sufficient to establish criminal liability beyond a reasonable doubt. The government concluded that, because Hankton had admitted to distributing 156 grams of cocaine and because the plea agreements attributed at least an additional 344 grams of crack to him, it was reasonable to conclude from the evidence presented at sentencing that he had distributed in excess of 500 grams of cocaine for the purposes of U.S.S.G 2D1.1. Which would make his base offense level 32. See United States v. Barnes, 117 F.3d 328, 337 (7th Cir.1997). See United States v. Torres-Ramirez, 213 F.3d 978, 980-81 (7th Cir.2000) Under circumstances such as these we are unwilling to find fault with the sentencing judge's decision to credit Darin's statement in determining the drug quantity attributable to Hankton. (T. 1993, 2223, 3194). On November 21, 2002, Hankton signed a plea agreement in which he admitted distributing approximately 156 grams of cocaine base to a confidential informant, in violation of 21 U.S.C. See United States v. Schmeilski, 408 F.3d 917, 920 (7th Cir.2005). The gang, called the Mickey Cobras, also sold crack cocaine, marijuana and the potentially lethal prescription painkiller fentanyl, according to authorities. Take this excerpt from the Vice Lord constitution: "Every member of the Amalgamated Order of Lordism will at all times maintain him or herself within the Code of Conduct Chain of Command, and the principals of law in the highest manor.". Armed with this information, the government obtained arrest warrants for 19 individuals connected with the MCs and, on January 2, 2001, Hankton and Davis were apprehended on allegations of conspiring to possess cocaine and crack with the intent to distribute, in violation of 21 U.S.C. 4. (T. 1981, 1993). And no sitting down or horsing around while on duty. Among the co-defendants were Woodrow Green, Jammah Olden, Rasuah Brunner, Ngaya Brunner, Timeka Murdock and Mekeba Gates, many of whom were also members of the MCs and all of whom also entered into plea agreements with the government. See United States v. Paladino, 401 F.3d 471, 481 (7th Cir.2005). In addition, we reject Hankton's claim that the sentencing judge's application of U.S.S.G. Because we are convinced that the district court did not impermissibly consider unreliable evidence in enhancing Hankton or Davis' sentences for drug quantity and their respective leadership roles in the offense we uphold the validity of the sentencing enhancements imposed. 1781, 152 L.Ed.2d 860 (2002). (internal citations omitted); (citing United States v. Parolin, 239 F.3d 922, 929 (7th Cir.2001)). Gang investigators over the years also have confiscated edicts from imprisoned gang leader Larry Hoover, the "chairman" of the state's largest street gang, the Gangster Disciples, Knox said. See id. The Mickey Cobras' drug operation is set up so that shifts of "security" patrol the lobby area, acting as lookouts for police or anyone else who might interfere with drug sales, according to police and the list of rules. 841 and 846. In one conversation with a MCs associate, for example, Hankton is asked whether he got that butter?. Authorities said the charges marked the first time the gang has been targeted in a major federal prosecution. Reported as permanently closed. We review the district court's determination of drug quantity and role in the offense, in the same manner as before Booker, for clear error. United States v. Sutton, 406 F.3d 472, 474 (7th Cir.2005) (citing United States v. Parra, 402 F.3d 752, 762 (7th Cir.2005)). Nevertheless, as we have stated, the rules of evidence do not apply at sentencing, see Hardamon, 188 F.3d at 849, and the judge was entitled to consider any relevant evidence assuming that evidence included a sufficient indicia of reliability. See Robinson, 164 F.3d at 1070. "They don't want any trouble . Indeed, it would be antithetical to consider these to be mutually exclusive endeavors. For example, the co-defendants' plea agreements state that Hankton sold them primarily crack cocaine-according to the government's calculation, 1156 grams total. At Davis' sentencing hearing, the government began by calling Agent Darin to the stand as the first witness in support of the contention that Davis' sentence should be enhanced for the possession with the intent to distribute 50 to 150 grams of crack cocaine. FindLaw.com Free, trusted legal information for consumers and legal professionals, SuperLawyers.com Directory of U.S. attorneys with the exclusive Super Lawyers rating, Abogado.com The #1 Spanish-language legal website for consumers, LawInfo.com Nationwide attorney directory and legal consumer resources. Following Agent Darin's testimony, the government introduced Davis' plea agreement as well as the plea agreements of the other co-defendants. 3B1.1(a).11. Reversal will be warranted only if, after reviewing the entire evidence, we are left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made. United States v. Sheikh, 367 F.3d 683, 687 (7th Cir.2004) (quoting United States v. Frazier, 213 F.3d 409, 417 (7th Cir.2000)). It is consistent with what the court has heard as the various defendants have entered their pleas of guilty. We agree with this assessment. As recounted above, Olden testified that for a period of five months (between June and October of 2000) Hankton personally supplied him with individual distribution amounts of crack cocaine-ranging in quantity from one eighth of an ounce to one ounce-every three to four days. R. Evid. . And gang members are forbidden from selling crack on the ground level of the building. Instead, the government argued that, in addition to possessing powder cocaine, Davis was also responsible for possessing with the intent to distribute between 50 and 150 grams of crack cocaine, pursuant to U.S.S.G. In addition, the judge agreed to maintain the two witnesses statements under seal on the similar grounds. 20. See Salinas, 62 F.3d at 859. Stay up-to-date with how the law affects your life. See supra p. 9.Hankton argues that the testimony of Detective Charles and Agent Darin as to his role in the MCs should not have been considered because they were [not] qualified as experts in anything. This is misleading, for the district court made an express finding that Detective Charles was indeed an expert on the MCs, see supra p. 7, as well as expressly finding him to be a credible witness. Likewise, Agent Darin was also expressly found by the judge to be a credible and reliable witness. It was allot of Cobra Stones but once Mickey died some stayed Stones,some became Mickey Cobras and some were King Cobras. of crack every four or five days over a period of five months). An FBI-led task force and Chicago police arrested Hankton and 12 of the other suspects Thursday. Chicago Police Detective Kenneth Charles, one of the officers charged with investigating Williams' murder and a court recognized expert on the MCs, related information that he uncovered which led him to believe that Hankton had ordered the beating that resulted in Williams' death. Find something similiar nearby. Notes [ edit] 841(a)(1) (Count VI). Instead, Davis claims only that the introduction of the co-defendants' plea agreements constituted clear error due to the fact that the agreements were inadmissible hearsay. As the district court concluded, given the entirety of the government's submission, [Agent Darin's testimony] is reliable evidence and should be given substantial weight by the court [i]t is corroborated [i]t all ties together. Limit bathroom breaks to 15 minutes. Put simply, a district court may not characterize the same conduct in two different ways to arrive at two separate sentence enhancements that result in an upward adjustment of the sentencing range. 4655 Hollywood Blvd Los Angeles, CA 90027 (Map & Directions) Phone: (323) 669-3922. On the high end, Hankton may have supplied Olden with as much as 1071 grams of crack (which is equal to 1 oz. 3B1.1(a). In 2006, multiple people died from overdose when a strengthened variant of heroin made its way into the houses. Andrew Martin and Tribune Staff Writer. Among its demands: exact change, no cutting in line and no $1 bills. The gang is considered very mobile, and its colors are green, black, and red. In a superseding indictment dated May 15, 2002, Clarence Hankton, Greg Davis and six other co-conspirators were charged in the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois with conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine and cocaine base, in violation of 21 U.S.C. Nonetheless, [a] defendant has the due process right to be sentenced on the basis of accurate information. United States v. Salinas, 62 F.3d 855, 859 (7th Cir.1995) (citing United States v. Mustread, 42 F.3d 1097, 1101 (7th Cir.1994)). See United States v. White, 406 F.3d 827, 835 (7th Cir.2005); United States v. Castillo, 406 F.3d 806, 823-24 (7th Cir.2005). Also, as the factfinder at sentencing, the judge was free to draw whatever conclusions he might about the testimony given and evidence introduced in order to determine an appropriate sentence. Around 1993-94 the various gangs in the Maniac Familia, led by the Manic Latin Disciples (MLD's) began having violent conflicts with . 2D1.1(a)(4). 28: "There will be no getting hi or drinking on the line." And rule No.. 2D1.1. He's got the Mercedes, and he's got a BMW too. [1] Officials said the Mickey Cobras include as many as 1,500 members and control the area around the Cabrini-Green public-housing complex. 12. We disagree. Accordingly, it is well-settled law that hearsay is not only an acceptable basis for a sentencing determination, United States v. Smith, 3 F.3d 1088, 1100 (7th Cir.1993), it is often an integral part of the sentencing process, United States v. Badger, 983 F.2d 1443, 1459 (7th Cir.1993). At FindLaw.com, we pride ourselves on being the number one source of free legal information and resources on the web. See United States v. Smith, 3 F.3d 1088, 1099. Thf 44 is also very deep and they also rep cobra heavily. Dodge city is not active anymore but they were notorious back in the day. United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 125 S.Ct. Like the Cobras in Cabrini (the castle) were King Cobras and Mickey's. Then in the 90s to make it even worse Prince Money ( Mickey's son) flipped GD and allot of cobras went with him. The Cobras also moved into the cluster of three buildings in the Washington Park neighborhood at 53rd and State, these buildings were: 5326, 5323 1:30. The National Law Review - National Law Forum LLC 3 Grant Square #141 Hinsdale, IL 60521 Telephone (708) 357-3317 or toll free (877) 357-3317. Meanwhile, Davis held the position of Sultan Supreme, a lieutenant and leader of the MCs at a particular locale-in this instance the Lathrop Homes projects on the north-west side of the city. In this case the jury was confronted with conversations which contained code words that, when considered in isolation, might seem unclear, veiled and almost nonsensical, but when analyzed properly, in the context of the totality of the evidence, can clearly be seen to be code words for drugs It is true that, advisedly, no explicit mention was ever made of cocaine or other drugs in any of Vega's conversations with the Zambranas. 841(a)(1) (Counts II, III, IV, and V) and Davis was charged with knowingly and intentionally possessing with intent to distribute approximately 250 grams of cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. Knox and gang investigators said lists like the one belonging to the Mickey Cobras are not uncommon among street gangs. When determining the drug quantity attributable to Hankton pursuant to 2D1.1 the judge specifically found that, considering the admissions of the defendant in the plea agreement as well as the evidence concerning the intercepted phone conversations, Hankton was responsible for distributing well beyond 500 gram[s] of crack. Cobras & Matadors ($) Write a Review. Knox's textbook, "An Introduction to Gangs," lists several gang constitutions, which are filled with rules, pseudo-religious ramblings and the expected problems with spelling. However, as noted above, the relevant inquiry is not whether the plea agreements submitted at sentencing constituted hearsay, see Smith, 3 F.3d at 1100, but whether the plea agreements included a sufficient indicia of reliability to support [their] probable accuracy, Taylor, 72 F.3d at 543, which we conclude that they did. Juwan Gatlin was a member of a street gang known as the Mickey Cobras. 3B1.1 n. 1 (In distinguishing a leadership role from one of mere management or supervision, titles such as kingpin or boss are not controlling.). Factions of the gang are being established throughout the Midwestern United States. 364, 54 L.Ed.2d 376 (1977). The evidence presented at sentencing did not separate Hankton's activities into two distinct categories of: (1) gang activities; and (2) drug activities. Finally, over objection from defense counsel, the government introduced the plea agreements of seven of Hankton's co-defendants.19 In the plea agreements, which were signed and approved by each of the co-defendants and received into evidence at sentencing, the co-defendants describe receiving primarily crack cocaine from Hankton. Copyright 2023, Thomson Reuters. Made public recently by police sources, the sheets outline how gang members should behave while peddling drugs in the Robert Taylor Homes. The rules, chock-full of mispellings and street slang, aren't contained in a tidy corporate packet or posted on a store bulletin board. During the investigation, the FBI temporarily used a member of the MCs to serve as a cooperating witness. To support the proposed guidelines enhancements, the government presented evidence detailing Hankton's role as a leader or organizer within the MCs organization. (quoting United States v. Carson, 9 F.3d 576, 584 (7th Cir.1993)); see United States v. Reneslacis, 349 F.3d 412, 417 (7th Cir.2003). 841(a)(1). What's more, Detective Charles testified that he personally witnessed Hankton standing with several other men in the parking lot of Williams' building at 1150-60 North Sedgwick Street, from 8:00-10:00 p.m. the evening of her murder. 25. David Kelley. 5. According to metric-conversions.org, .375 ounces equates to approximately 10.63107 grams. 15. The Mickey Cobras back in 1954 until 1960 were known as the Egyptian Cobras. We disagree and believe this argument is misplaced. Select a Rating! 27. In a number of those plea agreements, the defendants admit purchasing crack cocaine from Davis. Indeed, the evidence obtained by investigators made clear that Hankton had, over a period of years, progressed through the hierarchy of the MCs and attained the position of King of Kings, or leader of the MCs on the entire north side of Chicago. Said differently, Hankton takes issue with the sentencing judge's focus on his leadership conduct which he claims is unrelated to the underlying crime of distribution of a controlled substance. Torres-Ramirez, 213 F.3d at 980-81. In at least one of those conversations Davis states that he purchased powder cocaine specifically for the purpose of further processing it in order to manufacture and distribute the resulting crack. Section 3B1.1 of the sentencing guidelines is applicable where the defendant was an organizer or leader of a criminal activity that involved five or more participants or was otherwise extensive. U.S.S.G. Accordingly, lest we allow an illegal sentence to stand, we believe it appropriate to order a limited remand in this case, while retaining jurisdiction, for proceedings consistent with this court's decision in Paladino, 401 F.3d at 483-84. 11. 2D1.1(a)(3), Hankton's base offense level was 34 due to the aggregate amount of drugs involved in the offenses he admitted to, i.e., more than 150 grams of crack. They changed their name to Cobra Stones in the late 1960s. Hankton's claim of impermissible double counting finds no support in the record, much less the voluminous amount of case law on this subject. 801, that evidence was corroborated by other evidence submitted at sentencing, and thus could reasonably be considered reliable by the sentencing judge. See supra p. 13. 738, 160 L.Ed.2d 621 (2005) and United States v. Paladino, 401 F.3d 471 (7th Cir.2005). See supra p. 19-20. "The leaders of street gangs should understand we know who they are, we know how to catch them and we're going to continue to be coming after them," Lassar told reporters.
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