"[55], In 2017, Costa Rica signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [68] Companies with facilities in the America Free Zone in Heredia, for example, include Intel, Dell, HP, Bayer, Bosch, DHL, IBM and Okay Industries. Costa Rica covers an area of 51,060 square km and has a population of around 4.9 million. The museum is easy to find from Central Avenue. Reasons include the high level of social services, the caring nature of its inhabitants, long life expectancy and relatively low corruption. The perinatal mortality rate dropped from 12.0 per 1000 in 1972 to 5.4 per 1000 in 2001.[151]. [98] Costa Rica began reversing deforestation in the 1990s, and they are moving towards using only renewable energy.[99]. The country scored highest in environmental protection among the winners. Irazu’s last major eruption occurred in March 1963, on the same day that John F. Kennedy arrived in Costa Rica. Exceptions are Guanacaste, where almost half the population is visibly mestizo, a legacy of the more pervasive unions between Spanish colonists and Chorotega Amerindians through several generations, and Limón, where the vast majority of the Afro-Costa Rican community lives. They must also have an identity document or passport. Several measures were adopted by the local administration to ensure adequate supplies of clean water and encourage growth of the settlement. [76] A US government report confirms that the country has "historically placed a high priority on education and the creation of a skilled work force" but notes that the high school drop-out rate is increasing. Its capital is San José. The circumstances during this period are believed to have led to many of the idiosyncrasies for which Costa Rica has become known, while concomitantly setting the stage for Costa Rica's development as a more egalitarian society than the rest of its neighbors. [33], During most of the colonial period, Costa Rica was the southernmost province of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, nominally part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The population includes European Costa Ricans (of European ancestry), primarily of Spanish descent,[2] with significant numbers of Italian, German, English, Dutch, French, Irish, Portuguese, and Polish families, as well a sizable Jewish community. In the 1840s the town became one of the important centres of coffee production, which remained the chief source of Costa Rica’s income throughout the 19th century. In exchange for completing the railroad, the Costa Rican government granted Keith large tracts of land and a lease on the train route, which he used to produce bananas and export them to the United States. Today, Cartago is a small but bustling city, and a hub for outdoor attractions. Coffee production remained Costa Rica's principal source of wealth well into the 20th century, creating a wealthy class of growers, the so-called Coffee Barons. [11] The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. It is open to the public and you’ll find tourists, locals and photographers alike taking photos of the beautiful orchids inside. Gran Hotel Costa Rica Curio Collection by Hilton. The guitar is popular, especially as an accompaniment to folk dances; however, the marimba was made the national instrument. There are no significant trade barriers that would affect imports and the country has been lowering its tariffs in accordance with other Central American countries. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. San José is also the economic and transportation hub of the country. As a result of the immigration of Spaniards, their 16th-century Spanish culture and its evolution marked everyday life and culture until today, with Spanish language and the Catholic religion as primary influences. Many renovated landmarks now house stylish hotels. Hike volcanos, go zip lining, swim beneath waterfalls and spot wildlife! In 1993, laws were passed to enable elected health boards that represented health consumers, social insurance representatives, employers, and social organizations. Football is the most popular sport in Costa Rica. The northwest of the country, the Nicoya peninsula, was the southernmost point of Nahuatl cultural influence when the Spanish conquerors (conquistadores) came in the 16th century.
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