Well worth a visit and your support. [citation needed], Vladimir Lenin, disguised as Konstantin Petrovich Ivanov, escaped to Finland in 1917 on train 293 from Udelnaya Station.
[11][12], KFC founder Colonel Sanders worked as a railroad stoker when he was 16 or 17.
The confined working conditions of a locomotive footplate meant that the earliest development of the stoker took place in this application.
Guro Jalava, a co-conspirator and the train's driver, helped to further conceal Lenin by having him work as his stoker. The mechanical means used are, depending on design, combinations of the screw feed, the conveyor belt, the bucket chain, the paddle and the ram. [13], A 14-year old Martin Luther King Sr. worked as a fireman on the Atlanta railroad. The coal is then distributed across the grate by steam jets, controlled by the fireman. The locomotive type has a screw conveyor (driven by an auxiliary steam engine) which feeds the coal into the firebox. In locomotives the stoker was usually powered by a small steam engine located in the tender which drew its steam from the main boiler. A mechanical stoker is a device which feeds coal into the firebox of a boiler. Another lower paygrade, watertender third class (WT3 or WT3c), was established in 1943. In the D-1-A, D-2 and D-3 types the screws revolved in opposite directions alternately on both strokes of the motor delivering the coal more evenly. Designers sought to maximise power output in the locomotive by feeding coal at a rate faster than the fireman could shovel. During the sinking of the ship, these men disregarded their own safety and stayed below deck to keep the steam driven electric generators running for the radiotelegraph, lighting, and water pumps. "Recent Developments in Wood Fires Spreader / Stoker Technology", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mechanical_stoker&oldid=895369041, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The earliest practical design is from 1905 and was known as the, This page was last edited on 3 May 2019, at 19:38.
The locomotive type has a screw conveyor (driven by an auxiliary steam engine) which feeds the coal into the firebox. [1] Some firemen served these duties as a form of apprenticeship, aspiring to be locomotive engineers themselves.
and Webb did jump, survived, and became a primary source for information about the famous wreck. [citation needed], Whoever was responsible for fire-starting would clear the ash from the firebox ashpan prior to lighting the fire, adding water to the engine's boiler, making sure there is a proper supply of fuel for the engine aboard before starting journeys, starting the fire, raising or banking the fire as appropriate for the amount of power needed along particular parts of the route, and performing other tasks for maintaining the locomotive according to the orders of the engineer (US) or driver (UK). A fireman, stoker or watertender is a person whose occupation it is to tend the fire for the running of a boiler, heating a building, or powering a steam engine.
Although words and drawings can provide a vivid description of a device, there is nothing like seeing it in person. [6], There were approximately 176 stokers on board the coal fed ocean liner RMS Titanic. A mechanical stoker is a mechanical system that feeds solid fuel like coal, coke or anthracite into the furnace of a steam boiler. The over feed delivers coal on to the top of the coals already in the furnace in the manner of a human working a shovel. The spreader could be jets of steam, mechanical arms, or a fast rotating plate. The watertender and boilermaker ratings were merged into a new "Boilerman" rating in 1948 and continued to 1976 when the rating was changed to "Boiler Technician" and subsequently merged into the "Machinist's Mate" rating in 1996.
Watertenders held a paygrade equivalent to today's petty officer first class. The German word Heizer is equivalent and in Dutch the word stoker is mostly used too. Unfortunately there are few steam locomotives remaining and even fewer with intact Type D mechanical stokers.
(http://www.gptm.us) Along with the Type D stoker scale mock-up, which was produced by the Locomotive Stoker Company and used by the railroads as a training device, the museum hosts the Santa Fe #3768 steam locomotive and numerous other displays.
A boilerman was a more skilled role, with some responsibility for managing the operation of the boiler. But, if you cannot see the full scale version, then an accurate scale model is next best thing. In 1921, the lower paygrade was split into watertender first class (WT1 or WT1c) and watertender second class (WT2 or WT2c).
A trimmer worked in the coal bunkers, bringing more coal forward as the nearer coal was used by the stokers. In early designs the coal would still be shovelled by the fireman into a hopper which would feed into a crusher and then a screw or bucket elevator would lift the pulverised coal to a position where it could be mechanically scattered across the burning coals of the furnace by a spreader. Known now as a spreader stoker they remain in use today especially in furnaces fueled by wood pellets or refuse.[1]. A mechanical stoker is a mechanical system that feeds solid fuel like coal, coke or anthracite into the furnace of a steam boiler. Power stations usually use pulverized coal-fired boilers. The under feeder pushes fresh coal into the bottom of the furnace and then advances it upwards so that it mixes with the burning coal above. The fireman may operate the locomotive under the direct supervision of the engineer. The Royal Navy used the rank structure ordinary stoker, stoker, leading stoker, stoker petty officer and chief stoker. [1] On steam locomotives the title fireman is usually used, while on steamships and stationary steam engines, such as those driving saw mills, the title is usually stoker (although the British Merchant Navy did use fireman).
elvin mechanical stoker fitted to a “mallet” locomotive This engine furnishes the power for operating the drag chain, feeder, and coal crusher on the tender, the screw- conveyer bringing the coal forward, and the stoker elevator by which the coal is raised to the shovel table, and also the alternately oscillating shovels. Jalava later recalled that Lenin shovelled with gusto as he fed the engine, making the train run fast. Much of the job is hard physical labor, such as shoveling fuel, typically coal, into the boiler's firebox. In the present day, the position of fireman still exists on the Union Pacific Railroad, but it refers to an engineer in training. Later designs also mechanised the retrieval of the coal from the tender using steam ram powered pushers and/or a helical screw. When the fireman is not operating the locomotive, the fireman assists the engineer and monitors the controls. [10], Simeon T. Webb was the fireman on the Cannonball Express when it was destroyed in the legendary wreck that killed engineer Casey Jones. The D-4 was a total redesign with a new two cylinder stoker motor with the two elevator screws turning continuously in the same direction, doubling the amount of coal that could be delivered. Only on small railways, or on narrow-gauge locomotives with smaller and faster-warming boilers, was the fire lit by the fireman. My thanks to J. H. Koehn for permitting me to share these pictures. All marine engineers in the RCN, regardless of their platform (CPF, 280 or AOR)[clarification needed] are nicknamed stokers.
For the fire-fighting apparatus, see. As a locomotive boiler takes several hours to heat up, and a too-rapid fire-raising can cause excess wear on a boiler, this task was usually performed by fire lighters working some hours before the fireman's main shift started.
1956-2006", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fireman_(steam_engine)&oldid=926001745, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Stoker Dreams" and "Stoker Love" are songs by the Russian, This page was last edited on 13 November 2019, at 17:31. They were responsible for all coal handling with the exception of the actual fueling of the boilers. It is standard equipment on large stationary boilers and was also fitted to large steam locomotives to ease the burden of the fireman. The coal is then distributed across the grate by steam jets, controlled by the fireman. Power stations usually use pulverized coal-fired boilers. Such a scale mock-up exists at the Great Plains Transportation Museum in Wichita, KS.
The pictures below, shot by J. H. Koehn, President of GPTM, show the accuracy and wealth of details that was built into the mock-up. "Enlisted Ratings in U.S. Navy, 1775-1969", "Boiler Technician, Machinist's Mate Ratings to Merge", "The Historic Casey Jones Home & Railroad Museum in Jackson, Tennessee – Celebrating 50 Legendary Years!
There are three types: the over feed, the under feed and the cross feed. Stoker remains the colloquial term used to refer to a marine engineering rating, despite the decommissioning of the last coal-fired naval vessel many years ago.[when? [citation needed], In the United States Navy, watertender (abbreviated WT) was a petty officer rating which existed from 1884 to 1948. [5], A mechanical stoker is a device which feeds coal into the firebox of a boiler.
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