Articles like David Graham Phillip's "Treason of the Senate" were used to change the way Senators were elected by the Seventeenth Amendment to the U.S. McClure led the magazine industry by cutting the price of an issue to 15 cents, attracting advertisers, giving audiences illustrations and well-written content and then raising ad rates after increased sales, with Munsey's and Cosmopolitan following suit.[20]. "[35] Furthermore, the successes Muckraking publishers like Samuel S. McClure, also emphasized factual reporting,[17] but he also wanted what historian Michael Schudson had identified as one of the preferred qualities of journalism at the time, namely, the mixture of "reliability and sparkle" to interest a mass audience. [29] Sinclair was not a professional journalist but his story was first serialized before being published in book form. Pour ce faire, il a élevé son attaché de presse au rang de cabinet et a lancé des conférences de presse. Most of these journalists detested being called muckrakers. En réponse au journalisme jaune , qui avait des faits exagérés, le journalisme objectif, comme le montre le New York Times sous Adolph Ochs après 1896, s'est détourné du sensationnalisme et a rapporté des faits avec l'intention d'être impartial et un journal de référence.
The muckrakers appeared at a moment when journalism was undergoing changes in style and practice. Biography.com. Chambers undertook a journalistic investigation of Bloomingdale Asylum in 1872, having himself committed with the help of some of his friends and his newspaper's city editor. When journalists went after different topics, he complained about their wallowing in the mud. The emergence of muckraking was heralded in the January 1903 issue of McClure’s Magazine by articles on municipal government, labour, and trusts, written by Lincoln Steffens, Ray Stannard Baker, and Ida M. Tarbell. Ida Tarbell was a well known muckraker who worked closely with Lincoln Steffens, Ray Stannard Baker, and other famous muckrakers. Ray Stannard Baker He wrote the article ”The Right to Work”, which was published in the McClure’s magazine in 1903. Muckraker is a somewhat pejorative term for an investigative reporter: someone who digs up dirt or rakes muck. in David R Colburn and Sandra Pozzetta, eds., "A New Hospital for the Insane" (Dec. 1876), sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSteffens1958 (, Stephen E. Lucas, "Theodore Roosevelt's 'the man with the muck‐rake': A reinterpretation.". Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. (2017) Biography. La croissance des services de fil avait également contribué à la diffusion du style de reporting objectif. Just as the muckrakers became well known for their crusades, journalists from the eras of "personal journalism" and "yellow journalism" had gained fame through their investigative articles, including articles that exposed wrongdoing. Muckraker David Graham Philips pensait que l'étiquette de muckraker avait entraîné la fin du mouvement car il était plus facile de regrouper et d'attaquer les journalistes. De plus, les succès des premiers muckrakers ont continué d'inspirer les journalistes. A muckraker was any of a group of American writers identified with pre-World War I reform and exposé writing. "[33], Other changes that resulted from muckraker articles include the reorganization of the U.S. Navy (after Henry Reuterdahl published a controversial article in McClure's). [16] The growth of wire services had also contributed to the spread of the objective reporting style. Cela a conduit plus tard à la publication du livre Un monde fou et ses habitants (1876). [3], In contemporary American usage, the term can refer to journalists or others who "dig deep for the facts" or, when used pejoratively, those who seek to cause scandal. [citation needed], Magazines were the leading outlets for muckraking journalism. Corporations and political leaders were also more successful in silencing these journalists as advertiser boycotts forced some magazines to go bankrupt. Source = Weebly . More recently, Edward Snowden disclosed the activities of governmental spying, albeit illegally, which gave the public knowledge of the extent of the infringements on their privacy. Their work reached a mass audience as circulation figures of the magazines rose on account of visibility and public interest. The people of the country were aroused by the corruptions and wrongs of the age – and it was the muckrakers who informed and aroused them. [2] Most of the muckrakers wrote nonfiction, but fictional exposés often had a major impact, too, such as those by Upton Sinclair. ", This page was last edited on 18 October 2020, at 13:23. [15] Nellie would go on to write more articles on corrupt politicians, sweat-shop working conditions and other societal injustices. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Elle a condamné les tactiques commerciales immorales et impitoyables de Rockefeller et a souligné "notre la vie est de tous côtés nettement plus pauvre, plus laide, plus méchante, pour le genre d'influence qu'il exerce. " Roosevelt’s speech in 1906, was influential in leading to the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution, which provided for popular senatorial elections. The muckrakers provided detailed, accurate journalistic accounts of the political and economic corruption and social hardships caused by the power of big business in a rapidly industrializing United States. Une confiance qu'ils ont manipulée était avec Christopher Dunn Co. Elle a suivi ce travail avec The History of The Standard Oil Company: the Oil War of 1872 , qui a paru dans McClure's Magazine en 1908. Beaucoup de travailleurs non grévistes n'avaient pas de formation ou de connaissances spéciales dans le domaine minier, car ils étaient simplement des agriculteurs à la recherche de travail.
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