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{ bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, We worked with teachers, subject expert panels and universities around the world to update our Cambridge International AS & A Level English subject group as part of our on-going review process.
}); AS English Language. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_leftslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date;
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As English spreads globally, more countries are added to the circles. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, },{
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"noPingback": true, Keep up to date with news from Cambridge and its schools around the world. googletag.enableServices(); According to this theory, there are three concentric circles of World English that can be used to categorize places where English is studied and spoken and map English diffusion. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446381' }},
By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to. var mapping_topslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], []).addSize([0, 550], [[300, 250]]).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]]).build(); Section B stays as three optional questions. ESL and EFL are not the same in the context of World Englishes and the Expanding Circle, but they are often considered equivalent otherwise.
iasLog("criterion : cdo_ei = english-as-a-foreign-language");
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We have revised the key concepts for both the English Language and the Literature elements of the syllabus and these are now presented as separate lists. }; ga('send', 'pageview'); Add English as a foreign language to one of your lists below, or create a new one. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, 'max': 30, {code: 'ad_topslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } },
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By studying a range of texts, learners understand more about writers' choices of language, form and structure, and develop their ability to form independent opinions about what they read.
Visit our School Support Hub from April 2019 onwards. 'increment': 1,
Learn more. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446381' }}, "sign-in": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signin?rid=READER_ID", This is not to be confused with English as a Second Language—also called English as an Additional Language—which is the practice of learning English in a predominantly English-speaking country.
{ bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, For teachers at registered Cambridge schools, support materials for specific syllabuses are available from the School Support Hub (username and password required). Learners also improve their understanding of the English language and how it is used, extending their skills across a range of writing styles, including imaginative, discursive and argumentative. pbjs.setConfig(pbjsCfg); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); 'increment': 0.5, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }},
{ bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}]; { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_leftslot' }}]}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_l", "en"); pbjs.que.push(function() { {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } },
"authorizationTimeout": 10000 dfpSlots['btmslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/btmslot', [[300, 250], 'fluid'], 'ad_btmslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'btm').setTargeting('hp', 'center').setTargeting('ad_group', Adomik.randomAdGroup()).addService(googletag.pubads()); 2009). "The distinction between second language and foreign language is not ... a sharp one, and there are cases, like Indonesia, where classification is disputable. {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, And even when considered separate, classifying a country or region as ESL- or EFL-speaking is difficult, as Charles Barber explains briefly in the following excerpt. userSync: { bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion('mcp').setCategoryExclusion('resp').setCategoryExclusion('wprod'); storage: { 'increment': 0.05, The movement towards English as a foreign language began at independence, and English is now the main foreign language being learned in Indonesia. English as a foreign language definition: English as taught to people whose main language is not English and who live in a country where….
dfpSlots['leftslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/leftslot', [[120, 600], [160, 600]], 'ad_leftslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'left').setTargeting('ad_group', Adomik.randomAdGroup()).addService(googletag.pubads()); English as a Foreign Language loosely corresponds with the Expanding Circle theory of language described by linguist Braj Kachru in "Standards, Codification and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language in the Outer Circle.". { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654174' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_mobile_flex' }}, }; { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}]; name: "pbjs-unifiedid", { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot' }}]}, name: "idl_env", The main objective is to provide reading skills to enable Indonesians to read science-related materials in English," (Bautista and Gonzalez 2006). { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}]; Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, 0 && stateHdr.searchDesk ?
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Click on the arrows to change the translation direction.
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Where do Cambridge qualifications take you? }, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_Billboard' }},
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ESL is based on the premise that English is the language of the community and the school and that students have access to English models. Native English speakers are in the inner circle, English-speaking countries that have historically adopted English as a second language or lingua franca are in the outer circle, and countries in which English is used some but is not widely spoken are in the expanding circle. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, English as a Second Language n noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc.
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