For the first time, outsiders have the opportunity to experience the amalgamation and diversity of Caucasus culture, language and landscapes.
The northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains are covered by oak, hornbeam, maple, and ash forests at lower elevations while birch and pine forests take over at higher elevations. Hiking in the Caucasus is in its infancy. Armenia’s long border with Turkey to the west is closed too. Both Elbrus and Kazbek are here European mountains. Travel north from Baku to Quba, a region nestled on the Shahdag Mountain’s northeastern slopes at 600 metres (1969 feet).
The region contains biomes ranging from subtropical low-land marshes/forests to glaciers (Western and Central Caucasus) as well as highland semideserts/steppes and alpine meadows in the south (mainly Armenia and Azerbaijan). The southern slopes of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains are largely covered by grasslands and steppes up to an elevation of 2,500 meters. The ancient Greeks saw the Bosporus and the Caucasus Mountains as the border of Europe. The northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range are 3 degrees (Celsius) colder than the southern slopes. Most Georgian treks tend to follow their northern border with Russia, lasting several days. The Caucasus Mountains stretch southeast from southern Russia near the Black Sea to Azerbaijan’s Absheron Peninsular on the Caspian Sea. The alpine zone on the southern slopes may extend up to 2,800 meters above sea level while the glacier/snow line starts from 3,000-3,500 meters. Elevation plays an important role in the Caucasus and mountains generally receive higher amounts of precipitation than low-lying areas. It is connected to the Greater Caucasus by the Likh Range (Suram Range) and separated from it by the Kolkhida Lowland in the west and Kura Depression (by Kura River) in the east. The southeastern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains are covered by beech, oak, maple, hornbeam, and ash forests. When it opens, hikers will pass through peaks reaching 5000 metres (16,400 feet) and almost forgotten villages. The Western Caucasus has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site based upon its diversity of geology, ecosystems and species. One of the biggest appeals to hiking in the Caucasus is also its greatest pitfall: uncharted wilderness. There is no clear agreement on whether the Caucasus Mountains are a part of Europe or Asia. Historically, the Caucasus Mountain Range has served as a geographic barrier at the convergence of the continents of Europe and Asia. This transitional region has a foothold in both Eastern Europe and Western Asia, but is generally viewed as part of modern Europe. In addition, some sources recognize a Middle Caucasus Range.
Following this definition, the mountains are a part of Asia and according to this view, the highest European mountain is Mont Blanc.
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article The Greater-Caucasus range is the dividing line between Russia and countries of Georgia and Azerbaijan. The absolute minimum annual precipitation is 250mm (8.4 inches) in the northeastern Caspian Depression. The average winter snow cover of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains ranges from 10-30cm (4-12 inches).
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