The catalogue of human needs and goals increases in number and variety as an individual ascends the ladder of wants from belly to brain.
Delegation should also be undertaken which is the passing to subordinates. Given below is the comparison between the two theories: 1. The Latin word “Movere” means “To move”, “To drive” or “To drive forward” etc. To have this sense of achievement the task must be challenging, requiring initiative and creativity. Vroom’s theory takes into account the person’s expectations regarding^ the accomplishment of the task. The motivation bridges the gap between the ability to work and willingness always improves efficiency. 4. It implies the degree to which a first level outcome will lead to a desired second level outcome. It emphasises that manager’s responsibility is to administer rewards but it clearly point out this alone does not have a direct impact on performance. Thus, according to Vroom’s theory, motivation is the sum of the product of valence, expectancy and instrumentality. A man whose stomach is satisfied by a secured supply of food now becomes conscious of needs at a higher level. There is also a subloop, (Activity — Motive — Reward) within the main loop. The process by which individual decide whom to compare themselves with is not clear.
And it is to this end that he must direct the efforts of those associated with him. If in the supervisor’s view, people do better when they are properly paid and feel secure, he would appeal to lower needs. Individual objectives should be integrated with organisational objectives. It tells managers that equity motive is one of the important motives of employees.
He argues that this change is not because of changes in the human nature, but because of nature of industrial organization, management philosophy, policy and practice. (4) The average human beings, under proper conditions, do not shun responsibility, but learn not only to accept responsibility but also to seek it. Management must tailor the organisation to fit the task and the people. Motivation is an internal feeling which means it cannot be forced on employees. 1. F. Herzberg developed a two-factor theory of motivation.
Theory Y also fits in admirably into the systems concept and approach now being applied to business.
An individual seeks economic or social protection against future threats and dangers that he is exposed to.
Management, Organization, Employees, Motivation, Theories of Motivation. As a result they may lack human skill and patience of being effective managers. iii. Man has to move from point all round to Z, instead of direct contact. Once they have selected their goal they will pursue it even without close supervision and control.
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